OpenSolano / Experiments

Where the Money Flows

Every dollar of the City of Vacaville's FY2025-26 General Fund, traced from revenue source through the fund to the department that spends it. Modeled on the income-statement flow diagrams popularized for public companies — applied here to a public budget.

Total General Fund
$158.4M
Official FY2025-26 budget, including Measure M
Budgeted revenue
$145.0M
$134.0M revenues + $10.9M transfers in
Drawn from reserves
~$13.4M
Spending exceeds revenue; the gap comes from fund balance
Public safety share
66.2%
Police + Fire, of departmental spending
Per resident
$1,529
Total General Fund ÷ 103,590 population
View every published line item as a table
Side Group Line item Amount Note
revenue Taxes Sales tax (Bradley-Burns) $27506262
revenue Taxes Measure M sales tax $21348950
revenue Taxes Property tax $21100471
revenue Taxes Property tax in lieu of VLF $15057016
revenue Taxes Excise taxes (Measures I & G) $9409983 Measure I (1989/2012) utility-bill, hotel, and per-employee excise (~$3.0M) plus Measure G (2005) utility franchise/excise (~$6.4M).
revenue Taxes Paramedic tax $7312900
revenue Taxes RDA pass-through / TI excess $6152400
revenue Taxes Franchise tax $5705593
revenue Taxes Transient lodging tax $2087102
revenue Taxes Public safety sales tax (Prop 172) $540000
revenue Taxes Real property transfer tax $527100
revenue Taxes Business license tax $435000
revenue Fees & charges Emergency medical fees $6000000
revenue Fees & charges Recreation & facilities fees $4954456
revenue Fees & charges Police & fire fees $1145635
revenue Fees & charges Other departmental fees $457618
revenue Other revenue GEMT program (intergovernmental) $1442000
revenue Other revenue Partnership Health transport $1000000
revenue Other revenue In-lieu development impact fees $509394
revenue Other revenue Cell tower leases $486875
revenue Other revenue Interest, penalties & rents $382000
revenue Other revenue Homeowners subvention $180000
revenue Other revenue State reimbursements $145000
revenue Other revenue Miscellaneous $153000
revenue Transfers & reserves Transfers in (CFDs & traffic fines) $10925235
revenue Transfers & reserves Overhead recovered from other funds $6574920 Internal cost allocation — General Fund overhead charged to utility and special revenue funds, shown in the budget as a negative expenditure (-$6,574,920); presented here as an inflow so the diagram balances gross.
revenue Transfers & reserves Drawn from reserves & one-time sources (derived) $13428517 Balancing figure: gross uses ($164,967,427) minus budgeted revenues and other inflows ($151,538,910). The budget's own Sources and Uses schedule, which nets transfers differently, states a planned "use of fund balance" of $8,892,389 — either way, FY2025-26 spending exceeds revenue and the gap is covered from fund balance.
spending Public safety Police Department $58947980
spending Public safety Fire Department $45099727
spending Public works Public Works (general) $12267906
spending Public works Park maintenance $4125868
spending Community services Parks & Recreation $11330706
spending Community services Housing & Community Services $159661
spending Administration Finance $5817527
spending Administration Non-departmental $4760870
spending Administration Human Resources $3858986
spending Administration Information Technology $3497528
spending Administration City Manager's Office / Clerk $3358373
spending Administration City Attorney $2793011
spending Administration Economic Development $1078113
spending Administration City Council / Treasurer $128755
spending Transfers out Transfers out (capital, equipment, districts) $7742416 Support to community development, park maintenance districts, vehicle/equipment replacement, technology projects, and capital improvement projects.

How to read this

Money flows left to right. The left side is every revenue line the city publishes for the General Fund — taxes, fees, and transfers — grouped by type. The center is the General Fund itself. The right side is where it goes: departments, grouped by function, plus transfers out to capital and equipment funds. Ribbon width is proportional to dollars. Hover any ribbon or bar for exact figures; small lines are bundled in the diagram but itemized in the table above.

Two things the shape makes obvious. First, sales taxes (Bradley-Burns plus Measure M) are the city's largest revenue engine at $48.9M — Vacaville is the most sales-tax-dependent of the big Solano cities. Second, Police and Fire together consume $104.0M, about two-thirds of all departmental spending, and more than every tax the city collects except sales and property taxes combined.

Methodology & sources

All figures are the FY 2025/26 budget column of the City of Vacaville FY2025-26 Final Budget Document (Finance Department): the Schedule of General Fund Revenue (p. 9), the Summary of Expenditures by Fund (p. 13), and the Sources and Uses schedules (pp. 14-15). Revenue detail reconciles exactly to the printed $134,038,755 subtotal; department detail reconciles to the printed $157,225,012 subtotal. The data behind this chart lives in the site repository as a structured file with per-line provenance.

  • The diagram balances on a gross basis: departmental spending plus transfers out, matched by revenues, transfers in, overhead the General Fund recovers from utility funds ($6.6M), and a balancing draw on reserves (~$13.4M).
  • The city's own Sources and Uses schedule, which nets transfers differently, states the planned use of fund balance as $8.9M. Either way the structural fact is the same: FY2025-26 spending exceeds revenue.
  • "Excise taxes" combines Measure I (utility-bill, hotel, and per-employee excise, ~$3.0M) and Measure G (utility franchise excise, ~$6.4M).

Other lenses on the same money

The General Fund is about half the city's total budget. The all-funds lens shows the full $301M and which fund pays for what; the ACFR lens shows audited FY2024 actuals and the net cost of each city function.

What's next

This is the first jurisdiction in a series. The data schema is jurisdiction-agnostic, so the same diagrams can render Solano County's budget next, then each of the seven Solano cities, from their adopted budget documents. The longer arc is to generalize the pattern for any U.S. public jurisdiction.

Built from the adopted budget, not audited actuals — actuals land later in the ACFR and will differ. Figures are budget-year appropriations as published by the city; the reserve-draw line is derived and marked as such in the data file. Questions or corrections: ryan@civic.studio.